Partial ordering only

Two events on different nodes cannot always be globally ordered — there may be no fact of the matter about which came first. A UTC total order imposed on them is an artifact of clock skew, not causality.

Class

Case to account for

Affects

1 conversion

Detection

Events originate on independent nodes with no happens-before relation.

Mitigation

Accept a partial order; use vector clocks to mark concurrent events rather than forcing a UTC tiebreak.

Affected conversions

semantics

OPEN